The Chinese Must Go: Violence, Exclusion, and the Making of

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The Chinese Must Go: Violence, Exclusion, and the Making of the Alien in America

The American West erupted in anti-Chinese violence in 1885. Following the massacre of Chinese miners in Wyoming Territory, communities throughout California and the Pacific Northwest harassed, assaulted, and expelled thousands of Chinese immigrants. Beth Lew-Williams shows how American immigration policies incited this violence and how the violence, in turn, provoked new exclusionary policies. Ultimately, Lew-Williams argues, Chinese expulsion and exclusion produced the concept of the â€œalienâ€ in modern America.

The Chinese Must Go begins in the 1850s, before federal border control established strict divisions between citizens and aliens. Across decades of felling trees and laying tracks in the American West, Chinese workers faced escalating racial conflict and unrest. In response, Congress passed the Chinese Restriction Act of 1882 and made its first attempt to bar immigrants based on race and class. When this unprecedented experiment in federal border control failed to slow Chinese migration, vigilantes attempted to take the matter into their own hands. Fearing the spread of mob violence, U.S. policymakers redoubled their efforts to keep the Chinese out, overhauling U.S. immigration law and transforming diplomatic relations with China.

By locating the origins of the modern American alien in this violent era, Lew-Williams recasts the significance of Chinese exclusion in U.S. history. As The Chinese Must Go makes clear, anti-Chinese law and violence continues to have consequences for todayâ€™s immigrants. The present resurgence of xenophobia builds mightily upon past fears of the â€œheathen Chinaman.â€

Country	USA
Author	Beth Lew-Williams
Binding	Kindle Edition
EISBN	9780674919914
Format	Kindle eBook
Label	Harvard University Press
Manufacturer	Harvard University Press
NumberOfPages	344
PublicationDate	2018-02-26
Publisher	Harvard University Press
ReleaseDate	2018-02-26
Studio	Harvard University Press

The Chinese Must Go: Violence, Exclusion, and the Making of the Alien in America

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